Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

Anticancer property of hexane extract of Suaeda fruticose plant leaves against different cancer cell lines

Kamel A Saleh¹ , Tahani H Albinhassan¹, Adel M Al-Ghazzawi², Abdulrahman Mohaya³, Ali A Shati¹, Huda J Ayoub⁴, Qasem M Abdallah⁵

¹Department of Biology; ²Department of Chemistry, Science College, King Khalid University, PO Box 9004, Abha; ³Asser Toxicology Center, King Abduallah Street, PO Box 1988, Abha 61441, Saudi Arabia; ⁴Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmacy College, Alzaytoonah University; ⁵Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy College, University of Petra , Amman, Jordan.

For correspondence:- Kamel Saleh Email: kasaleh@kku.edu.sa

Accepted: 19 December 2019 Published: 31 January 2020

Citation: Saleh KA, Albinhassan TH, Al-Ghazzawi AM, Mohaya A, Shati AA, Ayoub HJ, et al. Anticancer property of hexane extract of Suaeda fruticose plant leaves against different cancer cell lines. Trop J Pharm Res 2020; 19(1):129-136 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v19i1.20

© 2020 The authors.
This is an Open Access article that uses a funding model which does not charge readers or their institutions for access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0) and the Budapest Open Access Initiative (http://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/read), which permit unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited..

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the bioactivity of hexane extract of S. fruticosa leaves against the cancer cell lines HepG2, MCF-7, and HCT-116, and to determine the chemical composition-function relationship.

Methods: Using the liquid-liquid extraction method, the nonpolarL constituent compounds were isolated from the leaves. The cytotoxicity of the hexane extract was evaluated using an SRB assay. Mechanism of action was verified by observing the appearance of apoptotic bodies using fluorescence microscopy, while anti-proliferative activity was assayed via flow cytometry.

Results: The results revealed that secondary metabolites in the hexane extract demonstrated the highest cytotoxicity, and thus anticancer activity, against HCT-116 cells, with an IC₅₀ of 17.15 ± 0.78 mg/mL. The presence of apoptotic bodies indicate an ability to induce apoptosis. Flow cytometry results suggest that the secondary metabolites stalled the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase.

Conclusion: The results indicate that S. fruticosa hexane extract may be considered a potential new source of the anti-cancer compound, momilactone B.

Keywords: Anticancer, Apoptosis, Colon Cancer, Liver cancer, Breast cancer, Liquid chromatographyâ€“mass spectrometry, Suaeda fruticose, Momilactone B